Factors Affecting Coping Self-Efficiency of Elderly Living in Nursing Homes

Abstract

Background: Due to the growing number of elderly population, evaluation of the mental health problems of this group of people is important and identification of factors affecting coping self-efficiency is helpful in this age group. The study was aimed to assess the effective factors on “coping self-efficiency” of the elderly living in nursing homes. Methods: A total of 110 elderly aged >60 year is selected randomly with multi stage method from East Azerbaijan nursing homes. Data collecting process was done using World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREEF), Coping Self Efficiency Scale (CSES), Nurenburg’s Social Support Scale Questionnaire (NSSQ) and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Analysis of variance, Spearman and Pierson correlation coefficients and regression analysis was implemented for data analysis. Results: The age and educational attainment of the elderly were associated with the quality of life variables, social support and coping self-efficiency. Females achieve higher scores in mindfulness and coping self-efficiency (problem solving and stopping unpleasant emotions) in comparison with males (P<0.05). There aren’t significant differences in quality of life variables, social support, seeking support from relatives and friends between males and females. There is a positive correlation (0.37 to 0.81) between coping self-efficiency and the quality of life (P<0.01). There is a positive correlation of 0.62 between coping self-efficiency and mind awareness and it was 0.36 for social support (P<0.01). Based on the results of the stepwise regression analysis, psychological health of the quality of life, mindfulness and environmental health of the quality of life variables were meaningful predictor of the coping self-efficiency. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present primitive study, the quality of life and mindfulness were the predictors of the coping self- efficiency in the elderly.