Khearonesa Shafaei
1, Mohammad Reza Nahaei
2*, Shamsi Kalhory
1, Zahra Norani
3, Mahbobe Hosseini
41 Mazandaran Heart Center, Hospital Fatimah Zahra, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
2 Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 Mazandaran Heart Center, Fateme Zahra Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
4 School of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Infection is known as a major challenge for a burn team to deal with; meanwhile, it’s responsible for almost 75% of the burn death. The main underlying cause of this problem is because of this fact that the environment at the site of the wound is ideal for the proliferation of infecting organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the causative microorganisms and antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolated microorganisms in patients hospitalized at the burn ICU of Zareh hospital, Sari, Iran. Materials and Methods: All of the 100 patients who were hospitalized at the burn unit were enrolled in this prospective cross sectional study. Demographic, clinical data, including sex, age, total burned surface area were collected for each patient. Laboratory specimens included wound discharge, tissue debridements, tracheal tube and Centeral Venus Presher (CVP). Environmental specimens were also collected from patient’s room including medical instatements located in the room. Conventional microbiologic tests were performed for isolation and identification of burn infections causative organisms and to detect antibiotic sensitivity by disc agar diffusion method. Results: Two hundred and twenty six different microorganisms isolated were collected from the 615 samples including 280 swabs, 35 tissue biopsies, 100 urine samples, 100 bloods, 50 CVP samples and 50 endotracheal specimens. Acintobacter baumannii was the most prevalent bacterium isolated. 550 samples of patients’ environment were also studied. Regarding antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated bacteria over 90% of Acintobacter baumannii isolates were resistant to amikacin, gentamicin, piperacillin/ tazobactam, ceftazidime and cefepime. The highest susceptibility was observed for tobramycin (58.2 %) and imipenem (41.9 %). The most common type of burn was flash injury. Nearly 60% of participants were aged from 21 to 40 years. Conclusions: Acintobacter baumannii was the most prevalent bacterium causing infection. Detection of high levels of antibiotic resistance in our Acintobacter baumannii and other medically important isolated bacteria underlines need for continuous surveillance of burn infections and developing strategies for antimicrobial resistance control.