Identification of Fungal Species in Corneal Ulcers Samples Referring to Mycology Laboratory

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Fungal keratitis is known as an important underlying cause for ocular morbidity. Microbial keratitis is responsible for up to 30% of the prevalence of blindness in less developed societies. The aim of this study was to determine the fungal species in corneal scraping specimens that have been prepared from patient’s suspected corneal fungal infection and have been sent to Mycology Laboratory in Faculty of Medicine in Tabriz. Materials & Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 30 specimens of corneal scarping of patients, suspected with corneal fungal infection were collected. The specimens were examined by using KoH 10% and were cultured in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (S) and Mycosel Agar without actidioun. Positive yeast samples were identified using the API32C kits, produce germ tube and chlamydoconidia. Morphology of colony, microscopic examination, and slid culture of species were used for identification of mold fungi. Results: Men had infectious more than women (ratio: 2/1) in our study. 12 (40%) cases were positive in direct examination and 9 (30%) cases were positive in two both direct and culture methods. Fusarium, Aspergillus, Candida albicans and Curvularia were isolated from corneal ulcers specimens. Conclusion: Fungal keratitis remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the ophthalmologist. Direct examination, by using KOH can be a most important, simple and sensitive test for diagnosis. In this study direct examination with KOH was 10% positive results than culture method. Fusarium and Aspergillus were common isolates in corneal ulcers specimens.

Keywords: Fungal Keratitis, Corneal Ulcer, Fungal Species, Diagnosis