Effects of Music on Cardiovascular Responses in Essential Hypertensive Patients based on Brain/Behavior Systems: Compared with Healthy Individuals

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Individuals who listen to certain types of music, based on the personality features, experience different emotional states and physiological responses. The research investigated the effects of music on cardiovascular responses in essential hypertensive patients based on Brain/Behavior Systems and comparing the obtained data with healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: 113 Essential hypertensive men and 98 healthy men completed Carve- White BIS/BAS scale; based on the final scores 50 patients (25 BIS and 25 BAS) and 50 healthy men (25 BIS and 25 BAS) were selected. First, the blood pressure and heart rate were recorded before stimuli induction; then, the participants experienced slow rhythm music. After that, 15 minutes relaxation and a cognitive task were done, finally, the participants experienced fast rhythm music. The blood pressure and heart rate were recorded after presenting of two types of music. Results: BAS patients achieved lower scores in systolic blood pressure and heart rate after presenting slow rhythm music in comparison with BIS patients. Also healthy BAS individuals achieved lower scores in systolic blood pressure and heart rate after presenting music with slow rhythm compare with healthy BIS individuals. And there was no significant score in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate after presenting fast rhythm music. Conclusions: The BIS individuals experience negative emotions more than BAS individuals. Therefore, the role of induced mood states is important in relation to physical health.

Keywords: Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Essential Hypertension, Behavioral Approach System, Behavioral Inhibition System